Saffron Milk Cap
Lactarius deliciosus
Also known as: Red Pine Mushroom, Delicious Milk Cap
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Complete Taxonomy
Description
Lactarius deliciosus is a prized edible mushroom that exudes orange-colored latex (milk) when cut or damaged. The scientific name "deliciosus" reflects its culinary reputation, particularly in Mediterranean and Eastern European cuisines. It forms mycorrhizal associations with pine trees and is distinguished by its orange color that stains green with age. The carrot-orange latex is a key identifying feature.
Physical Characteristics
Distribution
Europe, Asia, North America; introduced to Australia and New Zealand
Habitat
Forms ectomycorrhizal associations with various pine species in coniferous forests, plantations, and sandy soils.
Ecological Role
Forms ectomycorrhizal partnerships with pine trees, facilitating nutrient exchange. Important component of pine forest ecosystems.
Medicinal & Nutritional Properties
- Good source of protein and dietary fiber
- Contains essential amino acids
- Rich in minerals including potassium
- Antioxidant properties
- Traditional use for digestive health
Cultural Significance
Highly valued in Spanish (rovellón), Catalan, and Eastern European cuisines. Ancient Romans prized it. Often grilled, sautéed, or preserved in olive oil. Commands good prices in markets. Popular recreational foraging target.
Fascinating Facts
- Exudes bright orange "milk" when cut
- Stains green with age or bruising
- Name means "delicious" in Latin
- Ancient Romans considered it a delicacy
- Orange latex contains antimicrobial compounds
- Flavors improve when cooked with garlic and parsley
- Can be preserved in olive oil
- Several similar species easily confused (L. salmonicolor, L. deterrimus)